So light is actually slowed down through different mediums ie) to about 75% of it's speed through water, and 2/3 of it's speed through for instance glass. Gravity itself is not a medium, so does not impact the speed of light.

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What about the Basque? Should we consider them occupied by Spain? Should we all apologize to Sicily for assuming they're part of Italy?

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If the speed of light can't slow down, why is it always referred to as "the speed of light in a vacuum" ?

Black holes bend spacetime so much that direction called "the future" is pointed towards the centre of the black hole itself.

Light cannot fight the flow of time and it just so happens that the flow of time in black hole is hell bent on keeping you there. One cannot escape a black hole anymore than one can escape to the past.

1. The speed of light is constant, so light can't slow down.
2. Black holes (and other massive objects) bend the space around them, so the path of a passing object (or light) bends as the object goes through that space. That doesn't slow the object or light down - it only changes its trajectory.

Hi /u/AdiSoldier245!

I think the best way to understand, why photons cannot escape from within the event horizon, is the following way:

According to General Relativity, gravity is the curvature of spacetime. The stronger the gravitational field, the more extreme is the curvature of spacetime. Inside the event horizon of black holes, the curvature of spacetime is so extreme, that no path through spacetime exist for photons, which lead anywhere else but to the singularity at the center. That is, spacetime itself is curved so much, that there is, physically and geometrically, simply no path that light can follow to the outside.

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This actually varies a lot depending on the area you are talking about. Some countries have great infrastructure even outside of cities. Others however are lacking a lot of infrastructure. A lot of this can be traced back to how colonizing nations were running their colonies, and then how the US/USSR were using infrastructure aid to help their warlords conduct their operations in the different African countries and then now how China, Russia and the EU is investing in infrastructure that favors their interests. All this foreign efforts are quite disruptive for the local infrasturcture construction. But again it varies a lot between the different countries and you can not say much general about the entire continent as a whole.

nope, i never talk to myself. i do that all in my head. 😂

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Right. That's why I provided links backing up shit I had to say, and you replied with nothing.

Douglas Hofstadter wrote a couple of books about this. One called I Am A Strange Loop. It's a good read.

Also African infrastructure outside of cities is very bad, making general distribution quite hard, while in many places with conflict, trying to do so might be dangerous.

And yet I evidently know more than you. Go figure.

That only applies in California.

The short answer is, just like pretty much every competitive doer of anything, they do. Above a certain leve, performance costs health.

Codependency isn’t a cultural or societal difference. It’s a mental and behavioral health issue, often the result of an unstable family home growing up (but can be from other things). It’s an extreme form of dependence on another.. for everything, all the time. Some view it as a form of manipulation because the reliant one will use guilt to get the other person to do what they want. It truly is take, take, take, and no/ very little give.

And yes life has challenges where you need to lean on someone for help, but that isn’t remotely the same as codependency.

Because receiving foreign aid doesn't solve the problem of outside countries setting up shop there, buying land and workers for very cheap and having them use space that would normally be used to farm food or create their own exports to better other countries instead of themselves .

Imagine being a farmer that makes food for your whole town. Then, imagine an abusive partner forcing you to quit your job and use your own house, land, and money to cook, clean, and build a shoelace factory for your abuser and their friends 24/7. At the end of the day, there's no time or resources left over for yourself, your town no longer gets food, but your govt and abuser are living fat on shoelace money and you get to help yourself to their scraps.

I am not "arguing" at least not on purpose.

the person that posted the "other universal services" that Americans receive (and it was a pretty good analogy) gave an opportunity to expand that analogy.

Just like every road cannot be patched because of limited resources in universal healthcare not every patient can be treated. This is not meant to be a statement of merit, merely one of fact.

You are talking of Africa as one large entity. Instead it is a huge diverse continent with lots of countries facing different challenges. You have various different natural and social disasters happening at different places on the continent at different times. You have the same thing in for example the US where there are various different aid programs happening all the time, both by FEMA and even foreign aid programs. You have Canadian firefighters working in California fighting forest fires one month and the next month there are Canadian linemen working in Florida cleaning up after a hurricane. A similar thing is going on in Africa where you have drought in a part of one country one year and then the next year IS is trying to take over another country by force.

It's human-made famine, often as a form of war or a byproduct of war.

Also, much of that aid has been syphoned off by dictators and corrupt officials, which in turn makes charitable organizations hesitate to give.

That said, the dictators and corrupt officials are only following the example of non-African corporations, who for more than a century have exploited Africa for its natural resource, and before that exploited Africa for its human slaves.