Recent comments in /f/explainlikeimfive

shakn1212 t1_jefj089 wrote

If I remember correctly from my schooling and can translate this to ELI5.

Imagine drugs and neurotransmitters ( chemical signals) like keys and receptors as locks. When a drug fits the correct lock it opens the door and you see the drugs effect.

Benzos still function like this technically, but when it opens it's lock (a secondary lock), it works like adding WD-40 to the primary lock. Now the primary will open easier but it still needs it's key around.

In this case, the primary lock is where you get the serious problems like death.

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ShankThatSnitch t1_jefiyvo wrote

They exclude food and energy because they are volatile and can be affected by many different things that don't give a clear picture if the underlying trend.

Housing is excluded because they way they calculate housing is moronic and is a terrible measure. Housing is calculated with what is called "Owners equivalent rent." Basically, they survey home owners and ask, I'd you were to rent out your house, what would you charge. People answering a survey unprepared will not give a good answer for that, so the number is a terrible one to consider.

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telionn t1_jefil2t wrote

It's important to note that in case 1, the value of the shares only goes up because of the theoretical possibility of dividends (and stock buybacks, and any other similar schemes). If companies had no way of returning cash to investors, stock would have no value.

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Keeper151 t1_jefi67t wrote

>What I meant by “whipping a punch” was basically involving your shoulders in the punching motion. Snapping your shoulders like a whip as you’re extending your arm to punch seems to also give it more force.

The whole body should be involved, toes to knuckles. A proper punch or kick involves almost every muscle in the body, even the ones in the non-striking arm or leg. That's why proper technique has a twisting motion to the hips; you add the momentum of the entire upper body, not just the arm reaching out to strike. In my experience, setting the upper back solid when striking seems to make the biggest difference in the amount of force delivered as it provides a kind of backstop to the shoulder as the force of the strike is being transferred. If you don't keep your shoulders solid, and have good arm alignment when you strike, the force generated by your legs and hips goes into bending your wrist or shoulder instead of transferring into your target.

Wrist rotation is not 100% necessary; it's a technique I've encountered in some martial arts and ignored in others with no discernable difference in speed or power. I've personally had better results not rotating the wrist as I seem to have better alignment without rotation, but that may be a practice thing. It's also easier to get boxer fractures of the ring & pinky knuckle with a horizontal fist than it is with vertical or slightly angled fist. The slight gain of the twist (which is in itself debatable) is easily offset by having good alignment of the bones when striking.

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Leucippus1 t1_jefh83r wrote

It depends on the initial value of the vehicle and the depreciation. If you are talking about getting a luxury German car new, that will depreciate significantly during the lease period. It might make financial sense to lease and the buy the lease on the depreciated value after three years. You know the car's history and maintenance so you aren't buying someone else's problem, you got to drive a brand new car, and your payments were never as high as a loan on a $80,000 car would be. There are other benefits, if the car was a turd you don't have to worry about selling it, you just give it back to the dealer. If you don't like it anymore, you don't have to sell at a loss, you can just give it back to the dealer.

The benefit, particularly with German cars, of riding the depreciation wave, is that they depreciate because rich people want new cars; not because the cars themselves are bad. People misinterpret why luxury cars depreciate, the demand for new cars is because people like them shiny. So if you are coming off the lease of a $76,000 vehicle you treated well, and the residual value is now $39,000, you can now buy a 3 year old full sized German SUV for only $4k more than a new Rav4.

Obviously there are risks to these schemes, but your financial advisor isn't necessarily shooting you wrong here. New cars are much too expensive, and used cars are too damned expensive!

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CrookedGrin78 t1_jefh5ir wrote

That's really interesting, thanks! This might answer a long-time question I've had, which is why some drugs are worse in combination than a higher dose of them would be on their own. I had always wondered how combining GHB and alcohol could be any worse than doing double the normal dose of either one on its own, but it sounds like maybe this is why?

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Aggietallboy t1_jefg66v wrote

Please also remember that we're already doing voodoo fuckery where the "x nm process" is already smaller than the wavelength of the light doing the process.

In order to get much smaller, you're no longer talking about "light" but rather other high frequency EM radiation, which, as you're pointing out, we don't necessarily have the technology to

A) reliably generate that EM radiation precisely

or

B) use that frequency of radiation to achieve the equivalent photolithography.

There's also going to be (if there isn't already) a point at which the insulative properties of the silicon substrate aren't sufficient to keep the electrical signal isolated in the circuits.

There's also one more element at play, and that's the size of the element silicon itself:

A silicon atom is 1.92 Angstroms wide.

1 nm = 10 angstroms.

Silicon's "Lattice Constant" - how the atoms are arranged in a crystal is 5.4 angstroms wide (.54 nm)

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