he couldnt have been serious or is being taken out of context.. thats an attempt to get a denser atmosphere, but there’s no magnetic field to protect it, or humans.

Elon says just drop nukes on the poles but im no expert

Bro youve clearly never even heard of an ice age...

Spot on. 🎯 I love science and sci fi. Everything I've learnt tells me our Earth is precious and we had better take care of it.

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How about terraforming Earth first by solving global warming? If we can’t do that, we don’t stand a chance on Mars.

Red Mars, Blue Mars, Green Mars, are the three titles in Kim Stanley Robinson's famous sci-fi trilogy. How we colonize and terraform Mars.

While we dream of making Mars look like Earth, we are busy making Earth look like Mars.
Terraform Earth. It's easier, cheaper, faster, with benefits to every human.

You cant. Nothing escapes the gravity of a black hole. Not light, not energy, not even time.

Doubtful.

We could get started, probably make some habitable enclosures, but before we can alter the global atmosphere--a fundamental prerequisite of any other global-scale terraforming we might attempt--there are significant impediments to overcome that are as-yet beyond our capacity.

Namely, the lack of an Ozone layer and a global magnetic field. Both of these serve on our world to protect the atmosphere and the surface from radiation and solar wind. Without them, any gas we pump into the air around Mars is just going to bleed off into space like its first atmosphere did.

I, for one, am ecstatic that Webb’s early research is leaving us with as many, if not more questions than answers.

The real issue there with those parameters you've given is that of time. As the terraforming itself is the smallest part of it, as it's more to do with ensuring that terraforming is maintained once deployed.

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It's not a coincidence, it's just physics. Any rotating system like this will tend to sort objects by mass, with the heaviest at the middle. You can see this if you just take some sand and swirl it in a cup with some water. The largest grains will end up at the center. Why? They're the heaviest, and it takes the most energy to fling them around. If we simplify a galaxy to a two body system, you will imagine that a light star and a heavy black hole will orbit each other with the star making a much longer orbit than the black hole, which may be almost stationary. In a galaxy, you don't have a two body system, you have every body in the entire galaxy acting together, and relativistic effects and all that, but the same thing is happening. The distribution of masses in a galaxy broadly follows what's called the Einsato profile, which essentially says the densest objects will have the lowest radius. Of course, galaxies come in all shapes and sizes, and come in various states of development (a galaxy that has just collided with another may have a random distribution) but over time, a galaxy will organize itself with the densest objects at its center.

This is the video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeWyp2vXxqA (if it isn't this is great, like all of Kurzgesagt's stuff)

Sure.

But, even beyond the sharing/kumbaya aspects, I think that world leaders/space forces need to recognize that earth orbit is more MAD than traditional battlespace. Trying to push back against that unfortunate fact is very, very expensive and countermeasures/denial are comparatively cheap. And, in the worst case scenario, virtually unstoppable.

It's much more a "hold on loosely" situation than something you can fortify and establish hegemony over.

Literally, the first Google result for "black hole star"

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-star

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Ah: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-star

You may want to try r/askscience to see if an actual astronomer can answer you. It sounds like they think such things could have existed early on in the universe.

not a black hole, a black hole star. "quasi-star"

They are a thing, and are very much a part of modern cosmology and astronomy. We have the ability to detect distortions of space and time, and have even imaged the halo of black holes.

Carl Sagan, in the original Cosmos TV series, had a sequence of pictures from the Lewis Carroll books about Alice in Wonderland. Ah, found the clip. That might help you understand the idea: If you had enough mass, the pull of gravity could exceed the ability of light to escape it. So you get a black hole -- black because visible light doesn't escape.

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Hey if a company wants to use its own money to demo something, even if it is vaporware, who am I to argue?

I am sure people thought the radio was going to be vaporware as well.

Do you mean black holes formed from stars? I think conventional wisdom conveys that just about all of them form when stars or a certain size can no longer maintain their homeostasis.